[ \tau_v,Ed = \fracV_Edb_w \cdot z \approx \frac120 \times 10^3300 \times 0.9 \times 600 = \frac120e3162,000 = 0.74 \text MPa ]
| | Key Detailing Rule from Example | | --- | --- | | Bridge deck | Minimum 50mm cover to avoid spalling; secondary transverse bars at 35% of main reinforcement | | Pile cap | 180° hooks on bottom ties if anchorage length exceeds available space | | Retaining wall | Starter bars from footing to stem must be lapped in low-stress zone (above 0.5m from base) | | Prestressed beam | Debonding of strands near ends to avoid end splitting | worked examples to eurocode 2 volume 2
Volume 2 emphasizes that bridges are fatigue-critical. Unlike buildings, a bridge’s tensile stress limit under frequent loads (cl. 7.2(3)) often dictates reinforcement, not the ultimate moment. [ \tau_v,Ed = \fracV_Edb_w \cdot z \approx \frac120
| Topic | Critical check | Common oversight | |-------|----------------|------------------| | Punching shear | ( v_Ed \le v_Rd,c ) | Forgetting ( \beta ) factor | | Torsion + shear | Combined stress ≤ concrete strut capacity | Using ( \cot\theta ) same for both | | Crack control | Table 7.2N (deemed-to-satisfy) | Using service stress not ultimate | | Slenderness | ( \lambda \le \lambda_lim ) | Ignoring creep ( \phi_ef ) | | Topic | Critical check | Common oversight
Eurocode 2 Part 1-2 deals specifically with structural fire design. Volume 2 examples demonstrate how to use , simplified calculation methods , and advanced models to ensure a building maintains its integrity during a fire. 5. Water Retaining and Containing Structures (Part 3)