Arjun’s journey began in , where he met the town’s wise economist who introduced him to the Central Problems of an Economy . The economist explained that resources are like a small bag of magic seeds—limited (scarce)—while the villagers' wishes for crops were endless. Arjun learned that every choice has a hidden cost, known as the Opportunity Cost , which is the value of the next best thing he gave up to get what he wanted. The Dance of Demand and Supply